Printability and cytotoxicity of alginate/agarose hydrogel with carboxylmethyl cellulose and apple powder

The cultured meat is the solution to reduce resources using in a traditional meat production. It helps produce meat without killing livestock and decrease residue products. The method could also integrate with scaffold’s material which does not derive from animal products. This study aims to investigate the effects of carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) and apple powder on printability and cytotoxicity as additives in alginate/agarose-based hydrogel. 3D structures of them were printed to find a proper printing condition. From our experiments, the structure could maintain their shapes and uniform line sizes for carboxylmethyl cellulose, but not for apple powder at the 2% w/v alginate and 0.8% w/v agarose. However, the combination of them could be printed well. In parallel, 293FT cells were cultured with hydrogel drop to test cytotoxicity. It showed that the hydrogel with both additives does not harm cells during 8-day culturing.