3D Bioplotter Research Papers

Displaying all papers about Biosensor (6 results)

3D Printable Conducting and Biocompatible PEDOT-graft-PLA Copolymers by Direct Ink Writing

Macro-Molecular Rapid Communications 2021 Volume 42, Issue 12, Article 2100100

Tailor-made polymers are needed to fully exploit the possibilities of additive manufacturing, constructing complex, and functional devices in areas such as bioelectronics. In this paper, the synthesis of a conducting and biocompatible graft copolymer which can be 3D printed using direct melting extrusion methods is shown. For this purpose, graft copolymers composed by conducting polymer poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT) and a biocompatible polymer polylactide (PLA) are designed. The PEDOT-g-PLA copolymers are synthesized by chemical oxidative polymerization between 3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene and PLA macromonomers. PEDOT-g-PLA copolymers with different compositions are obtained and fully characterized. The rheological characterization indicates that copolymers containing below 20 wt% of…

3D Printable and Biocompatible Iongels for Body Sensor Applications

Advanced Electronic Materials 2021 Volume 7, Issue 8, Article 2100178

Soft-ionic materials with biocompatibility and 3D printability are needed to develop next-generation devices to interface between electronic and biological signals. Herein, thermoreversible and biocompatible ionic liquid gels or iongels, which can be processed by direct ink writing are reported. The iongels are designed by taking advantage of polyvinyl alcohol/phenol interactions to gelify biocompatible cholinium carboxylate ionic liquids. The obtained iongels are stable, soft, and flexible materials (Young modulus between 14 and 70 kPa) with high ionic conductivity (1.8 × 10–2 S cm–1). Interestingly, they presented thermoreversible properties with gel–sol transitions ranging from 85 and 110 °C, which allows the iongel…

Microfabricated and 3-D printed electroconductive hydrogels of PEDOT:PSS and their application in bioelectronics

Biosensors and Bioelectronics 2020 Volume 168, Article 112568

Biofabrication techniques such as microlithography and 3-D bioprinting have emerged in recent years as technologies capable of rendering complex, biocompatible constructs for biosensors, tissue and regenerative engineering and bioelectronics. While instruments and processes have been the subject of immense advancement, multifunctional bioinks have received less attention. A novel photocrosslinkable, hybrid bioactive and inherently conductive bioink formed from poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):polystyrene sulfonate (PEDOT:PSS) nanomaterials within poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate-co-polyethyleneglycol methacrylate) p(HEMA-co-EGMA) was used to render complex hydrogel constructs through microlithographic fabrication and 3-D printing. Constructs were directly compared through established metrics of acuity and fidelity, using side-by-side comparison of microarray grids, triangles incorporating angles 15–90°,…

3D Printed Sugar‐Sensing Hydrogels

Macromolecular Rapid Communications 2020 Volume 41, Issue 9, Article 1900610

The ability of boronic acids (BAs) to reversibly bind diols, such as sugars, has been widely studied in recent years. In solution, through the incorporation of additional fluorophores, the BA–sugar interaction can be monitored by changes in fluorescence. Ultimately, a practical realization of this technology requires a transition from solution‐based methodologies. Herein, the first example of 3D‐printed sugar‐sensing hydrogels, achieved through the incorporation of a BA–fluorophore pair in a gelatin methacrylamide‐based matrix is presented. Through optimization of monomeric cocktails, it is possible to use extrusion printing to generate structured porous hydrogels which show a measurable and reproducible linear fluorescence response…

Wet 3‐D printing of epoxy cross‐linked chitosan/carbon microtube composite

Polymers for Advanced Technologies 2019 Volume 30, Issue 7, Pages 1732-1737

Over the last decays, the use of conductive biopolymer composites has been growing in areas such as biosensors, soft robotics, and wound dressing applications. They are generally soft hydrophilic materials with good elastic recovery and compatible with biological environments. However, their application and removal from the host are still challenging mainly due to poor mechanical strength. This work displays a technique for the fabrication of complex‐shaped conductive structures with improved mechanical strength by wet three‐dimensional (3‐D) printing, which uses a coagulation bath to quickly solidify an epoxy cross‐linked chitosan/carbon microtube composite ink. The fabricated conductive structure demonstrated higher elongation strength…

Voltaglue Bioadhesives Energized with Interdigitated 3D‐Graphene Electrodes

Advanced Healthcare Materials 2018 Volume 7, Issue 21, Article 1800538

Soft tissue fixation of implant and bioelectrodes relies on mechanical means (e.g., sutures, staples, and screws), with associated complications of tissue perforation, scarring, and interfacial stress concentrations. Adhesive bioelectrodes address these shortcomings with voltage cured carbene‐based bioadhesives, locally energized through graphene interdigitated electrodes. Electrorheometry and adhesion structure activity relationships are explored with respect to voltage and electrolyte on bioelectrodes synthesized from graphene 3D‐printed onto resorbable polyester substrates. Adhesive leachates effects on in vitro metabolism and human‐derived platelet‐rich plasma response serves to qualitatively assess biological response. The voltage activated bioadhesives are found to have gelation times of 60 s or less…